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Toxins
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Advances in Contamination, Detection and Risk Assessment of Mycotoxins
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Advances in Contamination, Detection and Risk Assessment of Mycotoxins

A special issue of Toxins (ISSN 2072-6651). This special issue belongs to the section "Mycotoxins".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 1245

Special Issue Editor

Dr. José Diana Di Mavungu

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Department of Bioanalysis, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
Interests: mycotoxins; fungal secondary metabolism; fungal metabolomics; Aspergillus flavus; aflatoxins; pharmaceutics; deoxynivalenol; food; mass spectrometry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Mycotoxins, toxic secondary fungal metabolites, are contaminants of global concern. Due to their prevalence and adverse effects in living organisms, mycotoxins are considered a threat to the agricultural industry, the food and feed chain, and the health of humans and animals. As a consequence, effective approaches, strategies and methods dealing with the detection, monitoring and evaluation of the contamination profiles, and exposure and risk assessment of mycotoxins have become a matter of great importance.

This Special Issue aims outline the latest updates on developments and applications in the above-mentioned research domains. It is of great importance to demonstrate the present status of the recently applied and/or innovative approaches, methods and techniques to account for the new trends in food consumption and agricultural practices, embrace of the green chemistry principles, and the alteration in the occurrence and distribution of mycotoxins due to changing environmental conditions.

This Special Issue invites original research and review articles addressing the advances and trends in the detection, contamination, exposure and risk assessment of mycotoxins.

Dr. José Diana Di Mavungu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a double-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Toxins is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • mycotoxins
  • detection methods
  • occurrence
  • contamination
  • exposure assessment
  • risk assessment
  • recent developments and applications
  • new challenges and trends

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3020 KiB  
Article
The Possible Role of Mycotoxins in the Pathogenesis of Endometrial Cancer
by Márkó Unicsovics, Zsófia Molnár, Miklós Mézes, Katalin Posta, György Nagyéri, Szabolcs Várbíró, Nándor Ács, Levente Sára and Zsuzsanna Szőke
Toxins 2024, 16(6), 236; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16060236 - 23 May 2024
Viewed by 652
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is one of the most common cancer types among women. Many factors can contribute to the development of this disease, including environmental factors and, thus, eating habits. Our study aims to determine the levels of various mycotoxins and their metabolites in [...] Read more.
Endometrial cancer is one of the most common cancer types among women. Many factors can contribute to the development of this disease, including environmental factors and, thus, eating habits. Our study aims to determine the levels of various mycotoxins and their metabolites in the blood serum and endometrial tissue samples of participants with previously proven endometrial cancer and to find possible contributions to cancer development. In the cohort clinical trial, 52 participants aged between 44 and 86 were studied. The participants were divided into two groups: patients or matched controls. All patients had previously histologically diagnosed endometrial cancer. The cancer patients were divided into low-grade endometrioid and low- plus high-grade endometrioid groups. Controls had no history of endometrial malignancy or premalignancy. Blood serum and endometrial tissue samples were obtained from all study patients. We compared the concentrations of total Aflatoxins (Afs), Deoxynivalenol (DON), Ochratoxin-A (OTA), T2-toxin and HT2 toxin (T2/HT2 toxin), Zearalenone (ZEN), alpha-Zearalenol (α-ZOL), and Fumonisin B1 (FB1) in the serum and endometrium between the different study groups. As a result, we can see a significant correlation between the higher levels of Afs and zearalenone and the presence of endometrial cancer. In the case of Afs, DON, OTA, T2/HT2 toxins, ZEN, and alpha-ZOL, we measured higher endometrial concentrations than in serum. Considering the effect of mycotoxins and eating habits on cancer development, our results might lead to further research exploring the relationship between certain mycotoxins and endometrium cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Contamination, Detection and Risk Assessment of Mycotoxins)
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13 pages, 801 KiB  
Article
Monoclonal-Antibody-Based Immunoassays for the Mycotoxins NX-2 and NX-3 in Wheat
by Chris M. Maragos, Martha M. Vaughan and Susan P. McCormick
Toxins 2024, 16(5), 231; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16050231 - 18 May 2024
Viewed by 401
Abstract
The fungal infestation of crops can cause major economic losses. Toxins produced by the causative fungi (mycotoxins) represent a potential safety hazard to people and livestock consuming them. One such mycotoxin is deoxynivalenol (DON, also known as vomitoxin), a trichothecene associated with Fusarium [...] Read more.
The fungal infestation of crops can cause major economic losses. Toxins produced by the causative fungi (mycotoxins) represent a potential safety hazard to people and livestock consuming them. One such mycotoxin is deoxynivalenol (DON, also known as vomitoxin), a trichothecene associated with Fusarium Head Blight of wheat. DON is commonly found in cereal crops worldwide. A group of trichothecene mycotoxins closely related to DON, the NX toxins, have been reported to occur in the northeastern United States and southern Canada. While many commercial immunoassays are available to detect DON, there are no rapid screening assays for the NX toxins. We describe the development and isolation of three monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific towards two NX toxins: NX-2 and NX-3. The mAbs did not recognize DON or several other closely related trichothecenes. One of the mAbs was selected for development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for NX-2 and NX-3 in wheat. The dynamic ranges for the assay were 7.7 to 127 μg/kg for NX-2 and 59 μg/kg to 1540 μg/kg for NX-3 in wheat. Recoveries from spiked wheat averaged 84.4% for NX-2 and 99.3% for NX-3, with RSDs of 10.4% and 11.3%, respectively (n = 24). The results suggest that this assay can be used to screen for NX toxins in wheat at levels relevant to human food and animal feed safety. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Contamination, Detection and Risk Assessment of Mycotoxins)
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